“إِنَّ” (خَبَر “إِنَّ”)
وَالسَّادِسُ: كُلُّ تَرْكِيْبٍ مِثْلُ “إِنَّ الْبُسْتَانَ مُثْمِرٌ“، وَيُسَمَّى الاسْمُ الأَوَّلُ “اسْماً” لِـ”إِنَّ”، وَمِثْلُ “كَانَ”: “أَنَّ”، “كَأَنَّ”، “لَكِنَّ”، “لَيْتَ”، “لَعَلَّ”، “لاَ”. |
The sixth (place of الرَّفْع ) is every construction like: “إِنَّ الْبُسْتَانَ مُثْمِرٌ” (Truly, the garden is bearing fruit) and the first الاسْم is called “اسْم” (Noun) of “إِنَّ” . Similar to “إِنَّ” (truly, indeed) are: ¨ “أَنَّ” (that, to in the infinitive sense) ¨ “كَأَنَّ” (as if) ¨ “لَكِنَّ” (but) ¨ “لَيْتَ” (I wish, wishing) ¨ “لَعَلَّ” (I hope, hoping) ¨ “لاَ” (“There is no …” in the absolute and total sense of denial and negation). |
Explanation: We know that when “كَانَ” or any of the الأَفْعَال mentioned with it enters upon the الْمُبْتَدَأ and الْخَبَر , then the first is مَرْفُوْع and the second مَنْصُوْب . Know now that when “إِنَّ” enters upon them (i.e. the الْمُبْتَدَأ and الْخَبَر ), then the first is مَنْصُوْب and the second مَرْفُوْع , the exact opposite and converse of “كَانَ” , and the first is also called “اسْم” but of “إِنَّ” and the second its الْخَبَر . Thus, you say for the same previously mentioned examples: ¨ “إِنَّ الْبُسْتَانَ مُثْمِرٌ“ (Truly, the garden is bearing fruit) ¨ “إِنَّ الشَّجَرَ مُوْرِقٌ“ (Truly, the trees are growing leaves) ¨ “إِنَّ الْمَطَرَ غَزِيْرٌ“ (Truly, the rain is heavy or abundant) ¨ “إِنَّ الْجَوَّ مُعْتَدِلٌ“ (Truly, the weather is moderate) Similar to “إِنَّ” (in terms of function and its effect on the الْمُبْتَدَأ and الْخَبَر ) are those الْحُرُوْف (particles) mentioned after it, like: ¨ “عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ الْبُسْتَانَ مُثْمِرٌ“ (I knew that the garden was bearing fruit) ¨ “كَأَنََّ الشَّجَرَ مُوْرِقٌ“ (As if the trees are growing leaves) ¨ “…لَكِنَّ الْمَطَرَ غَزِيْرٌ“ (…but the rain is heavy or abundant) ¨ “لَيْتَ الْجَوَّ مُعْتَدِلٌ“ (I wish that the weather was moderate) and likewise you extend the rule to other similar cases. |